External link to a directory of lawyers

External link to a directory of lawyers

I removed the link to lawyers.com. There are many online directories of attorneys using search engine optimization to battle for the top spot. I don't think linking to one of them helps this article at all. -- DS1953 ^talk 21:01, 24 August 2006 (UTC)

How to Find a Lawyer and How to find an Attorney There should be Wikipedia articles on each of these two topics with suggestions to contact the local bar association as well as the professional bar association which covers the type of problem (for example the American Immigration Lawyers Association, the American Bankruptcy Institute, etc). The Wikipedia articles should link to this Attorney-at-Law article and to the Lawyer article as well as to Wikipedia articles on Bankruptcy, Immigration, etc. Some consumers will need this sort of help. I would try to set these up myself but am too new here to do this. ````

No, that would be against a ton of Wikipedia policies. Wikipedia is purely descriptive ("this is how something is") not prescriptive ("this is what you should do"). See Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not, Wikipedia:Verifiability, and Wikipedia:Neutral point of view. Wikibooks is where "how-to" stuff goes. --Coolcaesar 02:48, 14 September 2006 (UTC)

Statistics on specialization and certification of specialties

I added some information on certification of specialists, using Texas as the example. One thing I am not sure of is: Of the 8,303 board certified specialists in Texas, are any considered inactive members of the Texas Bar ( i.e., are any part of the 11,000 inactive members, and not part of the approximately 77,000 active members)?

Also, for what it's worth, many thousands of the 77,000 active Texas Bar members are not currently engaged in the practice of law (i.e., they retain the active Texas Bar membership even though they're working in a field unrelated to law practice). Yours, Famspear 23:27, 22 September 2006 (UTC)

I am cleaning up this pigpen today

This article has been getting worse and worse over the past two years since it was split off from a section I originally drafted in Lawyer (trace the history back to 2004 if you don't believe me). I am at the library this afternoon with a pile of excellent books on the American legal profession, so I'm going to start fixing it. With citations. -- Coolcaesar 23:48, 2 December 2006 (UTC)

I am going to do a bit of fixing and cleaning myself, if you don't mind. I'm working on the WP:AR1 Legal articles project (se the Talk page under that rubric). Bearian 23:49, 10 April 2007 (UTC)

Feel free to clean it up. I've been much too busy with depositions to finish cleaning up this mess. --Coolcaesar 18:53, 13 April 2007 (UTC)

Neutrality

The phrase "Attorneys in private practice and small firms (who can't afford to litigate every little issue) v. big firms (who can)" is clearly POV in its wording. Tmrobertson 06:57, 12 February 2007 (UTC)

That's not POV; that's a cold economic fact. I will add a cite to one of the more pungent passages from Cameron Stracher's book Double Billing when I have the time. -- Coolcaesar 22:13, 17 February 2007 (UTC)

It is not the fact at all. Have you ever practiced law? You're basing this on some book? Furthermore, the bit about plaintiff's attorneys being only contingent is wrong. Who came up with this stuff????-- Davidwiz 20:23, 24 April 2007 (UTC)

You're implying that a statement based one's own practice of law would be better than something from a book. Wikipedia rules are just the opposite: an encyclopedia is not supposed to have first person research or expertise, but rather to bring together information from other authorities. To the extent that you think the information in this particular source is not settled fact, you should add a citation to an opposing source and document it as a controversy.

Please, please, please!! refrain to use the word "America" or "American" to make reference to the U.S.A. !!!, The U.S.A. is a country, but AMERICA is a continent that goes from Chile to Alaska...... the use of "America" for U.S. is only ignorance. â€”The preceding unsigned comment was added by 137.52.242.224 (talk â€¢ contribs). (on 3 April 2007, USA central daylight time)

Dear anonymous user at IP 137.52.242.224: The word "American," like many words in many languages, has more than one correct meaning.

American [ . . . ] adj. 1. Of, relating to, or characteristic of the United States of America, its people, culture, government, or history. American Heritage Dictionary, p. 102 (2d Coll. Ed. 1985) ;

American adj [ . . . ] 2. of or relating to the U.S. or its possessions or original territory. Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary, p. 37 (8th ed. 1976);

American [ . . . ] adj. 1. of, in, or characteristic of the U.S., its people, etc. Webster's New World Dictionary of the American Language, p. 44 (2d Coll. Ed. 1970).

The word "American" is properly used world wide in business, in law, in commerce, in science, in religion, in education, in virtually every aspect of human communication, to refer to the United States of America, and things and concepts related to the United States of America, and nothing that you or I say or write in Wikipedia or anywhere else will ever change this. This is a discussion page for the article Attorney at Law. Let's stay on topic. Yours, Famspear 02:33, 4 April 2007 (UTC)

PS: For an article covering the controversy about the use of the word "American," see the article entitled (what else?) Use of the word American. Yours, Famspear 03:06, 4 April 2007 (UTC)

I will be revising this article over the course of 2007

Now that I have got the Lawyer article mostly stabilized (with a few more minor issues to wrap up), I am thinking about cleaning up this article next.

Here are a few of my proposed changes:

Move to Attorney-at-law, the more common term

Research and footnote as many assertions as possible and delete all controversial assertions for which reliable, published sources are not readily available

Move a lot of detail to Legal education in the United States

Move a lot of detail to Juris Doctor

Restructure the section on the job of an attorney to more accurately reflect the differences in workflow between litigators and transactional lawyers, and between junior associates versus senior associates, of counsel, and partners

Any one have a problem with these proposals? This will take me a few months. --Coolcaesar 07:20, 1 May 2007 (UTC)

These all sound like good ideas to me. I've been cleaning up a bit of the text drafting over the past day or so -- I think it needs a lot of work. I mean, frankly, something that is being drafted by lawyers should read like pristine text, and this isn't really there yet. Novaseeker 14:07, 23 June 2007 (UTC)

jdfg

at the begining cant it just simply say what an attorney basically is, i didnt know what one was and I went here but it didnt help. Can't it just say that if your too sick to make a decision then they do or what ever it is

It's a bit too complicated for that. The intro already summarizes an incredibly complex topic quite well (although some of the later paragraphs still need work). -- Coolcaesar 17:30, 30 May 2007 (UTC)

Economic Position Of Attorneys Section Ignores Economics

This section is trying to say something about supply and demand, but seems to ignore the economic definition of supply and of demand as well as the Law of Supply And Demand. Since one of the statements is attributed to an ABA study, I assume there really is something to say here, but as it stands, it is gibberish, so I hope someone familiar with the facts can fix it.

The ABA said one third of demand wasn't met? Unless there are price caps I don't know about, the supply will always meet the demand. Maybe the ABA used some arbitrary criteria for of who deserves legal services and a third of those deserving couldn't afford it? Just guessing.

It also suggests that the fast-growing supply of lawyers to do high-priced legal services has caused a surplus of lawyers. Supply growing faster than demand cannot cause that all by itself; the market always clears in the long run. If there are large numbers of lawyers looking for work, it can only be due to the price not having adjusted itself yet -- i.e. those lawyers are erroneously still asking old-supply prices or the employers are erroneously assuming they have to pay old-supply prices. That's a temporary thing and the article should make that clear if that is in fact the situation.

Bryan Henderson 03:47, 2 July 2007 (UTC)

Media Image section: not very encyclopedic

I don't like the Media Image section at all. I'd just delete most of it, but maybe it's just me, so I'll just describe my feelings toward it to add to those of others who may come later:

The section reads like cheerleading for the legal profession, and a defense to an imagined insult. Every line of it gives reasons to appreciate lawyers; nothing remotely critical of lawyers appears.

I don't agree that the media, in general, portrays lawyers as the section claims. Certainly some TV shows and movies do. Any generalization about how the media as a whole portrays lawyers cannot be factual enough to put here. If there were a citation to a respected authority, I might accept such a generalization.

People work hard in all professions, and entertainment shows misrepresent lots of them. People know that. There is nothing noteworthy in how hard an attorney's job is to justify space here.

Something that would be useful is simply an objective breakdown of what the job entails (and there is another section already for that). But not as a rebuttal to a nonspecific argument from somewhere in the media that the job is something else.

Bryan Henderson 04:05, 2 July 2007 (UTC)

"Trial attorneys (who argue the facts, such as Johnnie Cochran) v. appellate attorneys (who argue the law, such as David Boies)" Trial attys don't argue the law? wtf? They argue both. Facts are meaningless without THE LAW. Whoever wrote this is a moron-- not a lawyer.

I have finally started my long-planned rewrite project

After thinking about this for over a year, I have started my long-planned rewrite of this article. Like my successful rewrite of Lawyer, I am working on an extremely dramatic revision (preserving as much useful text as possible) on a temporary subarticle of my talk page. Then next I will dig up lots of sources so that practically ever assertion will be backed up by a reliable source. Then I will do a couple more revisions for style and then overwrite the entire article with my new version. Unfortunately, because I am also busy with dozens of other priorities (like taking depositions), my revision will probably take at least six months to complete. But this is to give everyone a heads-up so they know what's going on when the entire article gets replaced down the road. -- Coolcaesar 17:29, 18 August 2007 (UTC)

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Attorney_at_law"

Officially it's "attorney-at-law" with hyphens

...or so says Black's Law Dictionary. Anyone have a substantial reference that says otherwise? If nobody comes up with one for a few weeks, this entry should probably be moved to " Attorney-at-law". There is already a page of that title now, which had a redirect to "lawyer" instead of here - which is an even worse imprecision - I changed that one to redirect here in the meantime. - Reaverdrop 01:42, 5 February 2006 (UTC)

I concur that the correct usage is with hyphens. I am also appalled at how bad the text of this article has become since someone split it off the Lawyer article (as anyone can see from the history of the Lawyer article, I originally drafted much of this text for that article). Now that I have thoroughly researched and rewritten Lawyer, I may have to fix this one next!

Here is what I am planning to do in a few weeks: (1) Change unlicensed practice of law to unauthorized practice of law, which is the dominant usage among professional responsibility experts; (2) Move all the U.S.-related stuff to Lawyers in the United States; (3) Move all the Indian-related stuff to Lawyers in India; and (4) rewrite this article as a very general and brief article about attorneys at law in general and how that usage died out in the U.K. and many Commonwealth nations (because the position of solicitor was seen as more prestigious) but became the dominant usage in the United States and several other nations where the legal profession fused early on. Anyone have any objections? -- Coolcaesar 01:01, 8 March 2006 (UTC)

Deleted material regarding Juris Doctor

I have deleted language asserting that the Juris Doctor degree does not confer the title of "doctor." The article on Juris Doctor has been infected with this kind of material for some time. Let's leave it out of the article on Attorney at Law.

I'm going to make an assertion here: There is no such thing as a doctoral degree that does not confer the title of doctor. To state otherwise is in my opinion nonsensical. The edit wars on these kinds of things in the Juris Doctor or related articles detracts from the reliability and reputation of Wikipedia in my view. Let's keep this encyclopedic.

And let's keep edit wars about whether a particular doctoral degree "really" is or is not a doctoral degree out of the article on Attorney at Law. Please leave that battle -- if (sigh....) it has to be fought -- in some other place than in this article. Yours, Famspear 20:20, 4 August 2006 (UTC)

This is really just hatred against lawyers in the common law countries. In most civil law countries, it is commonly accepted that a lawyer is a "Doktor". In the US, it's the non-lawyer PhDs who resent the idea that U.S. lawyers, with their three years of grad school, have the same academic gravitas. I would bot object to including this in the entry. Excluding it seems to me to be an exercise is capitulation. Novaseeker 02:50, 23 June 2007 (UTC)

External link to a directory of lawyers

Statistics on specialization and certification of specialties

I am cleaning up this pigpen today

I am going to do a bit of fixing and cleaning myself, if you don't mind. I'm working on the WP:AR1 Legal articles project (se the Talk page under that rubric). Bearian 23:49, 10 April 2007 (UTC)

Feel free to clean it up. I've been much too busy with depositions to finish cleaning up this mess. --Coolcaesar 18:53, 13 April 2007 (UTC)

Neutrality

====

Dear anonymous user at IP 137.52.242.224: The word "American," like many words in many languages, has more than one correct meaning.

American adj [ . . . ] 2. of or relating to the U.S. or its possessions or original territory. Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary, p. 37 (8th ed. 1976);

American [ . . . ] adj. 1. of, in, or characteristic of the U.S., its people, etc. Webster's New World Dictionary of the American Language, p. 44 (2d Coll. Ed. 1970).

PS: For an article covering the controversy about the use of the word "American," see the article entitled (what else?) Use of the word American. Yours, Famspear 03:06, 4 April 2007 (UTC)

I will be revising this article over the course of 2007

Now that I have got the Lawyer article mostly stabilized (with a few more minor issues to wrap up), I am thinking about cleaning up this article next.

Here are a few of my proposed changes:

Move to Attorney-at-law, the more common term

Research and footnote as many assertions as possible and delete all controversial assertions for which reliable, published sources are not readily available

Move a lot of detail to Legal education in the United States

Move a lot of detail to Juris Doctor

Any one have a problem with these proposals? This will take me a few months. --Coolcaesar 07:20, 1 May 2007 (UTC)

jdfg

Economic Position Of Attorneys Section Ignores Economics

Bryan Henderson 03:47, 2 July 2007 (UTC)

Media Image section: not very encyclopedic

I don't like the Media Image section at all. I'd just delete most of it, but maybe it's just me, so I'll just describe my feelings toward it to add to those of others who may come later:

The section reads like cheerleading for the legal profession, and a defense to an imagined insult. Every line of it gives reasons to appreciate lawyers; nothing remotely critical of lawyers appears.

People work hard in all professions, and entertainment shows misrepresent lots of them. People know that. There is nothing noteworthy in how hard an attorney's job is to justify space here.

Bryan Henderson 04:05, 2 July 2007 (UTC)

I have finally started my long-planned rewrite project

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Attorney_at_law"

Common law

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In common law legal systems, the law is created and/or refined by judges on a case-by-case basis. When there is no authoritative statement of the law, common law judges have the authority and duty to "make" law by creating precedent. ^[1] The body of precedent is called "common law" and it binds future decisions. In future cases, when parties disagree on what the law is, an "ideal" common law court looks to past precedential decisions of relevant courts. If a similar dispute has been resolved in the past, the court is bound to follow the reasoning used in the prior decision (this principle is known as stare decisis). If, however, the court finds that the current dispute is fundamentally distinct from all previous cases, it will resolve the matter itself, with reference to general legal guidelines. Thereafter, the new decision becomes precedent, and will bind future courts under the principle of stare decisis.

In practice, common law systems are considerably more complicated than the "ideal" system described above. The decisions of a court are binding only in a particular jurisdiction, and even within a given jurisdiction, some courts have more power than others. For example, in most jurisdictions, decisions by appellate courts are binding on lower courts in the same jurisdiction and on future decisions of the same appellate court, but decisions of non-appellate courts are only non-binding persuasive authority. Interactions between constitutional law, common law, statutory law and regulatory law also give rise to considerable complexity. However, stare decisis, the principle that similar cases should be decided according to similar rules, lies at the heart of all common law systems.

Common law legal systems are in widespread use, particularly in those nations which trace their legal heritage to England, including the United Kingdom , the United States, most of Canada, and other former colonies of the British Empire.

[hide]

Primary definitions

There are three main connotations for to the term common law, and several historical ones worth mentioning:

1. Common law as opposed to statutory law and regulatory law: This connotation distinguishes the authority that promulgated a law. For example, in most areas of law in most jurisdictions in the United States, there are "statutes" enacted by a legislature, "regulations" promulgated by executive branch agencies pursuant to a delegation of rule-making authority from a legislature, and common law or " case law", i.e. decisions issued by courts (or quasi-judicial tribunals within agencies). This first connotation can be further differentiated, into (a) laws that arise purely from the common law with no express statutory authority, e.g. most criminal law and procedural law before the 20th century, and even today, most of contract law and the law of torts, and (b) decisions that discuss and decide the fine boundaries and distinctions in written laws promulgated by other bodies, such as the Constitution, statutes and regulations. See statutory law and non-statutory law.

2. Common law legal systems as opposed to civil law legal systems: This connotation differentiates "common law" jurisdictions and legal systems from " civil law" or "code" jurisdictions. Common law systems place great weight on court decisions, which are considered "law" just as are statutes. By contrast, in civil law jurisdictions (the legal tradition that prevails in most of the world), judicial precedent is given less weight, and contributions by scholars are given more. For example, the Napoleonic code expressly forbade French judges from pronouncing the law. ^[2]

3. Law as opposed to equity: This connotation differentiates "common law" (or just "law") from "equity". Before 1873, England had two parallel court systems, courts of "law" that could only award money damages and recognized only the legal owner of property, and courts of "equity" that could issue injunctive relief and recognized trusts of property. Most United States jurisdictions have merged the two courts, with exceptions noted in "Common Law Systems," below. Additionally, even before the separate courts were merged together, most courts were permitted to apply both law and equity (though under potentially different laws of procedure). Even so, the distinction between law and equity remains important in (a) categorising and prioritizing rights to property, (b) determining whether the Seventh Amendment's right to a jury trial applies (a determination of a fact necessary to resolution of a "common law" claim^[3]) or whether the issue may be decided by a judge (issues of what the law is, and all issues relating to equity), and (c) in the principles that apply to the grant of equitable remedies by the courts.

4. Historical uses: In addition, there are several historical uses of the term that provide some background as to its meaning. The English Court of Common Pleas dealt with lawsuits in which the king had no interest, i.e. between commoners. Additionally, from at least the 11th century and continuing for several centuries after that, there were several different circuits in the royal court system, served by itinerant judges who would travel from town to town dispensing the King's justice. The term "common law" was used to describe the law held in common between the circuits and the different stops in each circuit. The more widely a particular law was recognized, the more weight it held, whereas purely local customs were generally subordinate to law recognized in a plurality of jurisdictions. These definitions are archaic, their relevance having dissipated with the development of the English legal system over the centuries, but they do explain the origin of the term.

Forensic Investigations

Forensic Criminial Investigations

Accessory to Murder: Two Los Angeles murders, one week apart, have a strange "signature." A very thorough investigation leads police to a dangerous serial killer.
	America's Missing: 2,300 people are reported missing each day. Reports of missing persons have increased sixfold in the past 25 years, from roughly 150,000 in 1980 to about 900,000 this year. The increase was driven in part by the country's growing population. But the numbers also indicate that law enforcement treats the cases more seriously now, including those of marginalized citizens.
	Steven Avery: DNA evidence exculpates him from one rape/attempted murder, but nails him on the rape and murder of Teresa Halbach, a young photographer who visited him for business reasons. Even worse, he involves his teenage nephew in the horrible crime.
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	Ballistics: The science of guns and how ballistics have developed over the decades with major cases in which ballistics were critical.
	Dr. Bill Bass: In her 1994 novel, The Body Farm, Patricia Cornwell introduced readers to a "decay research facility" at the University of Tennessee in Knoxville. It's actually called the Anthropology Research Facility, shortened to "the Facility," but Cornwell overheard a nickname that cops had adopted, and called it The Body Farm." On any given day," she wrote, "its several wooded acres held dozens of bodies in varying stages of decomposition." Given such a description, one might think this place is imaginary, but it's not. It's quite real. Dr. Bill Bass is the founder and director of this innovative service to law enforcement that can't be found anywhere else in the world. Dr. Katharine Ramsland adds three new chapters describing her recent brief forensic anthropology course there and what she learned getting up close and personal with skulls, decaying flesh, and other forensic treasures.
	Taylor Behl: Seventeen-year-old Virginia college student disappeared without a trace, until her remains were found a month later. A former friend, Ben W. Fawley, claims he killed her accidentally. Fawley, a 38-year-old amateur photographer, faces grand jury Jan 17.
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	Nick Berg: Bloodstain analysis from the video of his murder shows forensic irregularities that my cast doubts on events.
	Josh Berman: A selection of some of the most popular stories on Crime Library. These will get your pulse racing!
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	Napoleon Bonaparte: Was he poisoned or did he die of stomach cancer? The controversy lives on. Dr. Russell Aiuto looks at the evidence and who may have been the murderer.
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	The Chinatown Widow: Quiet Los Angeles widow is found dead in a pool of blood in blood. It appears that she was tortured in a calculated, cold-blooded sexual assault and murder. LAPD investigators hunker down on this case, promising her family that they will catch her killer, and finally, as the forensic tools evolve, they are able to bring a teen serial killer to justice.
	Crime Scene Investigation: What is involved in a thorough crime scene investigation?
	Death in Miniature: Remarkable budding female Sherlock Holmes, Frances Glessner Lee, created engaging and shocking visual masterpieces in doll-sized crime scenes so that police could learn investigative techniques. Lee was made an honorary captain in New Hampshire's state police and was the first woman member in the International Association of Chiefs of Police. She helped created the first Department of Legal Medicine at Harvard. Her friend Erle Stanley Gardner wrote her obituary: "Captain Lee had a strong individuality, a unique, unforgettable character, was a fiercely competent fighter, and a practical idealist."
	The DNA Revolution: DNA analysis revolutionizes crime solving.
	A Double Life: Daniel Williams left his Georgia home to live in LA where he believed he could live the lifestyle that he wished, but pretending to be a woman led to his death when an unsuspecting sex partner discovered the truth. Plucked from the cold case files, two detectives solve the case with new technology.
	Dragon Bones: A story of extraordinary good fortune, adventure, intrigue and mystery --the missing Peking Man treasure.
	Texas EquuSearch: Remarkable founder Tim Miller, whose daughter was murdered, turns his life around and devotes it to using the most advanced hi-tech methods to help families find missing loved ones.
	Dana Ewell: Too lazy to work for the lifestyle he wanted to maintain and too greedy to share his eventual inheritance with his sister, he convinces another to murder his mother, father and sister execution style. Investigators note his lack of emotion regarding the tragedy, which raises red flags and focuses forensics experts on the case.
	Fingerprints, Footprints and Earprints: How the forensic "print" technologies have developed over the years and famous cases in which they were used.
	Forensic Anthropology: Bones and skulls, the silent evidence in high-profile cases like John Wayne Gacy that can help to catch murderers and give closure to grieving families of victims.
	Forensic Art: Drawings and artistic reconstructions of suspects, victims and criminals played a major role in solving famous cases. New chapter on forensic photography.
	Forensic Autopsy: The famous death detective Dr. Michael Baden whose autopsy and crime scene skills have been used on the assassination of John F. Kennedy, and high profile cases such as O.J. Simpson, Ted Binion and serial killer Dr. Michael Swango.
	Forensic Psychology: How this art form was used in high profile cases like Andrea Yates, Scott Peterson, and John Wayne Gacy.
	A Friend's Betrayal: Tammy Epperson broke her dependency on drugs and turned her life around, helping recovering addicts to do the same. However, one person she tried to help returned her kindness by raping and horribly murdering her. Los Angeles forensic experts, detectives and a committed district attorney worked together to bring unthinkably cruel Troy Powell to where he sits now on death row.
	Vernon Geberth: Profile of famous veteran chief and investigator examines his accomplishments, his theories, and his most famous cases, including a real story that inspired the Hannibal Lector escape scene in the Silence of the Lambs.
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	Warren Harding: Politics hasn't changed a bit since this corrupt, philandering president served in the early 1920s. Was he murdered for it?
	Natalee Holloway: Now that the media circus has died down, the "Haunting Evidence" team looks for new evidence in the Natalee Holloway case. Dutch forensic experts are finally focused on determining what actually happened to the missing student. Exploitation made millions for the media organizations but had an unintentionally negative impact on the course of the investigation. See Haunting Evidence Premiere Paradise Lost, Wednesday June 20 on Court TV
	Hollywood Mistress: Flamboyant Hollywood madam and phone-sex artist, June Mincher, is gunned down in an execution-style killing. The bizarre investigation ties her murder to another Hollywood homicide, the abduction and killing of Roy Radin, producer of The Cotton Club.
	Forensic Hypnosis: The controversy over whether courts will accept this evidence.
	Forensic Toxicology: The science of detecting poisons, the favorite weapon of Black Widows and women who kill. Dr. Katherine Ramsland presents the history of this science and the major cases it solved.
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	K-9 Forensics: Dogs are used for many different law enforcement purposes. This article looks at the tremendous contribution that K-9 teams make to saving lives and solving crimes.
	The Keystone Diamond: A kind and generous grandfather is found murdered in his bedroom, a victim of gunshots. LAPD investigators discover that a family diamond is the key to revealing a killer close and familiar.
	LA Forensics: With unprecedented access, this series takes viewers inside the actual case files of one of the nation's largest and most respected crime labs, the LAPD Scientific Investigation Division (SID). Each episode focuses on a gripping crime story that combines tried-and-true detective work with SID's cutting-edge forensics to eventually unravel a compelling, true-life mystery.
	Last Call Killer: Richard W. Rogers finally convicted of the murder of two of his numerous gay male victims. VMD, vacuum metal deposition, technology which saves fingerprints from plastic bags, was a key factor in his trial. Rogers disposed of his victims in plastic trash bags which he dumped along the roadways in New Jersey and Pennsylvania.
	Derrick Todd Lee: Beautiful women are abducted from their homes in the Baton Rouge area and panic ensues as the residents realize there is a serial killer in their midst. Small-town investigators with sharp instincts identify Baton Rouge serial killer while big agencies are derailed with flawed FBI profile guiding their activities. DNA finally turns them in the right direction.
	Derrick Todd Lee - the Baton Rouge Serial Killer : Beautiful white women are abducted from their homes in the Baton Rouge, La. area and panic ensues as the Baton Rouge residents realize there is a serial killer in their midst. Big city cops with a flawed FBI profile in hand, look for a white killer, but DNA finally turns them in the right direction.
	Dr. Henry C. Lee: Interview with a giant in the field of forensics. His expertise was used in the O.J. Simpson and JonBenet Ramsey cases.
	Literary Forensics: Ransom notes and hoaxes -- what can you do to figure out what's true?
	Dr. Jeffrey MacDonald: After decades of prison for allegedly murdering his wife and daughters, he may finally get a fair shake in the courts as retired U.S. marshall comes forward to reveal the confession of major suspect Helena Stoeckley of having been at MacDonalds house to get drugs.
	Man in Shadows: Two young lovers are shot execution-style outside their home in the West Hills section of Los Angeles. One is killed instantly, but the woman barely clings to life. On her deathbed, she leads police to the mysterious killer who has targeted the couple for assassination. State-of-the art forensics brings the assassin and his conspirator to justice.
	The Mormon Forgery Murders : An outstanding case of forensic techniques used to solve a horrifying bombing case in which two people were murdered.
	Mysterious Confession: A remarkable case thirty-five years in the making - four women are strangled to death, their bodies dumped with little or no evidence for investigators. The case goes cold until years later when an unlikely confessor restarts the investigation. An ingenious sting-like operation is needed to nail the killer.
	Kevin Neal: Fascinating forensic investigation involving various kinds of flies finally nails a sexual predator who kills his two stepchildren and leaves their bodies in a cemetery.
	Dr. George Parkman: The murder and dismemberment of this prominent Bostonian by a Harvard Medical College professor creates a major trial event where expert medical testimony is used extensively for the first time in the U.S.
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	Sabotage: United Flight 629 explodes in the air outside Denver, killing 44 people. Intensive FBI investigation yields the murderer who sabotaged the plane.
	The Sandwich Shop Murders: Two teenagers, best friends since grade school, are gunned down execution style in a Northridge sandwich shop. The community is outraged and it is up to LAPD to find the killer. Once they find him, it will take a special forensic technique to bring him to justice.
	Serology: How forensic blood analysis has helped to catch even the most "clever" criminals. New chapter on bloodspatter analysis.
	Dr. Sam Sheppard 50th Anniversary: Former FBI profiler, Greg McCrary, puts the case in perspective. Feature story and Crime Scene Analysis.
	Dr. Sam Sheppard - Feature Story: The murder of Marilyn Sheppard is one of the great murder mystery classics, like the Lizzie Borden case and the murder of JonBenet Ramsey. It has inspired three separate trials, many books, the movie and television series The Fugitive. It seemed like the perfect marriage, Dr. Sam Sheppard, a handsome, affluent and socially prominent doctor married to his pretty high school sweetheart. But when Marilyn, 4 months pregnant, was brutally bludgeoned to death in their home while Dr. Sam allegedly slept, cracks in the perfect marriage became obvious. He had a 3-year affair going with another woman and his account of the night of the murder caused the Cleveland Press to crusade for his arrest. Arrested he was and indicted for Marilyn's murder. But once the case was taken by celebrity attorney F. Lee Bailey, "Dr. Sam," after a landmark Supreme Court decision, was acquitted in his second trial. So Dr. Sam was free, but hardly any one in Cleveland believed in his innocence except for his son, who 35 years later began a crusade to clear his father's name.
	Dr. Sam Sheppard case crime scene analysis by former FBI profiler Gregg McCrary: So much has been written about the murder of Marilyn Sheppard by journalists and professional authors that often the stark facts of the case are lost. McCrary's report to the court in the latest of the three Sheppard "trials," puts the emphasis back where it should be -- the scene of the crime.
	Shroud of Turin: Forensic analysis finds the piece of cloth believed to be the shroud of Jesus is much older than medieval times. Hoax or authentic?
	O.J. Simpson: 10 years after the murder of his ex-wife and her friend, the former football star continues to stir controversy. Analysis of the murder and road rage trials, forensics.
	Lemuel Smith: Forensic bite marks is the only evidence in this remarkable case.
	James Starrs: He has made a distinguished career of exhuming the dead, like the alleged Boston Strangler, Jesse James, Alfred Packer. Find out why he does it.
	Time of Death: The Body Farm really exists. Here's why.
	Trace Evidence: How the analysis of hair, fiber and other trace evidence can help to solve crimes.
	Typhoid Mary: Mary Mallon was a New York cook who unknowingly gave typhoid to the families who hired her. When health authorities realized that she was the typhoid carrier, they quarantined her for several years. Then when she agreed not to work as a cook, they let her go, but after several other typhoid outbreaks which were traced to her cooking, health authorities took more drastic measures.
	Hans Vorhauer: Son of Nazi SS officer, he deals meth and operates as a contract killer. Forensic sculptor Frank Bender takes expert aim & brings him in.
	Victim to Victimizer: Young man becomes obsessed with torture and murder, idolizes Charles Manson and seeks to become a "murder machine." Dr. Ramsland presents the interesting case forensics and emotional pathology.
	Forensic Voiceprints: How an offender can be identified with voiceprint analysis.
	Dr. Michael Welner: Profile of the innovative forensic psychiatrist, his unique cases and his contributions to the field, particularly The Depravity Scale and The Forensic Panel.
	Cyril Wecht: Forensic pathologist tackles the really tough cases with a fresh perspective: the JFK assassination, JonBenet Ramsey, Elvis Presley & Dr. Jeffrey MacDonald.
	West Hollywood Hustle: Five middle-aged men have been stripped naked, tied up and found strangled. There is no blood, no struggle, no witnesses and no suspects. It appears that a serial killer has a specific prey.... and a need for ATM cards. Can investigators link a bank photo to the person before he strikes again?
	Where There's Smoke...: A small brush fire near the LA airport reveals a horrific discovery — a burning body bound and gagged with duct tape. Near the unidentified victim are bullet casings and unusual tire tracks, but investigators are stymied. What they do next is a remarkable forensics case study.

USA Investigators
We are availabe 24/7 1-877-999-7715
Universal Investigations
Agency License No. A2000180
USA Investigators can assist and help you with any
type of case and all your investigations...
Serving the Public and the corporate community. We are committed to
professional service for our clients. We conduct our investigations and
security assignments with privacy and complete discretion. Our main goal is
to server and provide our clients with valuable information and
documentation needed. Universal Investigations is proud of the caliber of
personnel within our organization, all trained by law enforcement and
investigation experts, and most are current or former members of the law
enforcement and military community.
Our Private Investigator personnel conduct a complete on-site investigation
as well as comprehensive data investigations. These Private Investigations
include but are not limited to Corporate Investigation, Background checks
Criminal and Civil, Missing Persons, Child Custody, Child Support, Asset
Searches, Matrimonial and Divorce, Surveillance, GPS Tracking, Electronic
Countermeasures, Debugging and Computer Forensics.
Monday, May 1, 2006 7:52 PM
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About Us
We are availabe 24/7 1-866-633-0616
Private Investigation Services:
Armed Personnel Protection (Bodyguards)
Available for: Personal Protection, Executive Protection, Privacy Protection, Stalker Protection, Accumulate
evidence to present to the law enforcement, Protection for yourself and/or others.
Credit Reports and Identity Theft
Americans who suffer from identity theft experience then damaging their credit and driver’s license report,
many times costing several thousands of dollars because of higher interest rates. Identity theft is the
crime of the century, according to FBI records. More and more Americans social security numbers and
identities are used without their permission daily.
Criminal Investigations
A Criminal Investigation is conducted on behalf of a defendant. Universal Investigations investigators will
be a key member of a defense team. The Universal Investigations Investigator will evaluate evidence,.
police investigative procedures, and forensic testing. He or she will visit the crime scene, interview
witnesses, and search for undiscovered evidence and new witnesses. Omissions and errors made by the
police and detected by Universal Investigations Investigators can be used to construct a theory of the
case that exonerates the defendant or reduces the severity of the prosecution's charges.
Domestic Investigations
Domestic Investigations can many allegations, e.g., adultery, paternity, spousal and child abuse,
abandonment, and bigamy. Our services support civil court trials for divorce, child support and custody,
division of assets and alimony. Universal Investigations Investigators perform a variety of investigative
tasks including surveillance's, taking photographs, sifting through trash, interviewing witnesses, searching
public records, and finding hidden assets. Also included in the category of domestic investigations
evaluations of prospective marriage partners. The issues investigated include criminal history, financial
solvency, drug abuse, and sexual transmitted disease.
Investigations and Interrogations
Universal Investigations can work very close to top lawyers to aid in preparing for trials. Whether we are
investigating fraud, conducting criminal and civil investigations, locating witnesses, finding missing
children or locating and verifying assets, we can deliver comprehensive information right to you!
Investigate and discover true identity of someone. Provide "Witness statements." Medical translations.
Convicted Felons. Sex offenders. FDLE criminal history. Provide interrogation reports. Assets. Public Record
Checks.
Litigation Support
Our investigations have provide vital properly documented inquiries and photographic evidence to protect
a position. When investigations are delayed, vital evidence, important facts and memories fade. Universal
Investigations moves rapidly with precision to obtain evidence in a timely, efficient manner. We work with
attorneys in trial preparations, providing investigative information, expert testimony, and trial exhibits.
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About Us
Pre-employment Investigations
Universal Investigations verifies the credibility, integrity and history of each prospective employee. We
conduct a thorough background check including educational credentials, public, state and federal records,
employment history verification and credit checks. Our consultations assure that Universal Investigations
clients use employment applications that enable the most extensive checks and verifications permitted by
law.
Pre-Employment Interviews & Testing
Drug Screening
Urine Analysis
Finger Printing
Employment & Credit References
Vehicle Registration Information
Criminal History & Driving Records
Public Records Research
Spouse Misconduct
Dignitary Protection
Personal Injury
Workers Compensation
Divorce Cases
Child Custody
Criminal Defense
Photo & Video Surveillance
Photo Layouts with Written Reports
Civil litigation
Crime scene investigation
Electronic countermeasures
Skip Tracing and Locating
Locating Persons for Collections
Locating Vehicles for Repossession
Locating Missing Persons
Locating Witnesses
Locating Assets
Phone Numbers
Electronic Eaves Drop Sweeps
Investment Frauds
Accident Investigation & Reconstruction
Witness Statements
Theft Investigations
Product Liability Investigations
Insurance Fraud
Medical Malpractice Fraud
Nanny Control
Divorce investigation
Missing persons investigation
Financial / Asset investigation
Subpoena Service
Please call or email us we're looking forward to helping you.
Corporate Offices
4185 W. Lake Mary Blvd Suite 199
Lake Mary, FL 32746
1-877-999-7715
407-999-7715 off. 407-383-3874 pager
Home Page | About Us | Contact Us | Services | Background Checks
Copyright © 2005 www.NOWPI.com. All Rights Reserved.
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Services
We are availabe 24/7 1-877-999-7715
Universal Investigations is ready and geared to assist
and help you with any type of Case
Background Checks for Criminal and Civil Can
determine the subject's intentions and history.
Pre-Employment Interviews & Testing
Drug Screening
Urine Analysis
Finger Printing Analysis
Employment & Credit References
Vehicle Registration Information
Criminal History & Driving Records
Public Records Research
Spouse Misconduct
Divorce Cases
Child Custody
Personal Injury
Workers Compensation
Photo & Video Surveillance
Photo Layouts with Written Reports
Civil litigation
Crime scene investigation
Criminal Investigation Defense
Skip Tracing and Locating
Locating Persons for Collections
Locating Vehicles for Repossession
Locating Missing Persons
Locating Witnesses
Locating Assets
Phone Numbers
Electronic Eaves Drop Sweeps
Investment Frauds
Accident Investigation &
Reconstruction
Witness Statements
Theft Investigations
Product Liability Investigations
Insurance Fraud
Medical Malpractice Fraud
Nanny Control
Divorce investigation
Financial / Asset investigation
Subpoena Service
Dignitary Protection
Home Page | About Us | Contact Us | Services | Background Checks
Copyright © 2005 www.NOWPI.com. All Rights Reserved.
GoDaddy.com is the world's #1 ICANN-accredited domain name registrar!
http://www.nowpi.com/wst_page4.html5/1/2006 7:53:17 PM
Background Checks
We are availabe 24/7 1-877-999-7715
X-RAY YOUR SUBJECT WITH A BACKGROUND
CHECK INVESTIGATION ...
Our investigative expertise and knowledge are tools that will be used for our clients
advantage. All other websites offering background checks are information brokers and have
outdated information found in public records and phone books. . Many of these companies
advertising on the net are foreign corporations and you cant reach them. You can reach a
private investigator at 1-877-999-7715. We have a license for private investigation firm
that have been awarded by a government agency and therefore, obviously our private
investigators can access more information then any unlicensed firm. In most cases (95%) we
can investigate, find and collect all the information you need without any delays or problems.
Its that easy! Our professional private investigator firm is legit and in the business to make
clients satisfied and comfortable for future business referrals. Our investigators look forward
to assisting you with any legal or investigating needs.
Background check on someone special...
Background Investigations on someone who you are going to make the biggest investment,
emotions, with is essential in our society today. Gambling with your emotional feelings,
mental and physical health is a big risk that needs to be addressed, investigated and
background checked to make sure you are making the right move.
Background check will give you the information and tools to know if you can trust this person
or not. Don't be a fool and don't continue to be fooled. I have been a private investigator for
over 10 years and I have seen and experienced the biggest scams in relationships.
Unfortunately it doesn't make the news because there is no price tag. When you are in a
relationship that fails due to lies and misleading person your feelings are hurt, damaged and
you sustain losses that can't be financially evaluated or compensated. Not to mention your
health and what ever sexually transmitted diseases you picked up going through this trauma.
It can mean life or death for you and your family. Unfortunately many people like to scup it
under the rug and make this statement "there is no problem here, its all ok and there is
nothing wrong with with him or her". Have you heard "Love is Blind" that statement is very
true and emotional feelings can blind you and hinder you from knowing, understanding and
seeing the truth. Its all ok for now and then a catastrophe occurs; that is when you make this
statement "But I didn't know he or she was such a bad lying, deceiving and ungrateful
person". Of course you don't know because you didn't bother checking to find out any
different information other then what your emotional senses have reported to you.
Background check can provide you with information in order to know who you can trust and
who you can't trust. Don't feel bad about previous catastrophic relationships, we all make
mistakes, "if you are human its natural as breathing". However, thanks to today's technology
we can Background check individuals to help reduce the risk of making a mistake.
Knowledge is power and you must know in order to exercise your power of judgment and
increase your ability to make the right decisions. You only live once on this earth, make the
best of it and don't waste time with the wrong person because while wasting your time the
right guy or girl is passing you by.
http://www.nowpi.com/wst_page5.html (1 of 2)5/1/2006 7:53:20 PM
USA Investigators
We are availabe 24/7 1-877-999-7715
Universal Investigations

USA Investigators can assist and help you with any
type of case and all your investigations...
Serving the Public and the corporate community. We are committed to
professional service for our clients. We conduct our investigations and
security assignments with privacy and complete discretion. Our main goal is
to server and provide our clients with valuable information and
documentation needed. Universal Investigations is proud of the caliber of
personnel within our organization, all trained by law enforcement and
investigation experts, and most are current or former members of the law
enforcement and military community.
Our Private Investigator personnel conduct a complete on-site investigation
as well as comprehensive data investigations. These Private Investigations
include but are not limited to Corporate Investigation, Background checks
Criminal and Civil, Missing Persons, Child Custody, Child Support, Asset
Searches, Matrimonial and Divorce, Surveillance, GPS Tracking, Electronic
Countermeasures, Debugging and Computer Forensics.

http://www.nowpi.com/default.php (1 of 2)5/1/2006 7:58:51 PM

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External link to a directory of lawyers

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Neutrality

I will be revising this article over the course of 2007

jdfg

Economic Position Of Attorneys Section Ignores Economics

Media Image section: not very encyclopedic

I have finally started my long-planned rewrite project

Officially it's "attorney-at-law" with hyphens

Deleted material regarding Juris Doctor

External link to a directory of lawyers

Statistics on specialization and certification of specialties

I am cleaning up this pigpen today

Neutrality

====

I will be revising this article over the course of 2007

jdfg

Economic Position Of Attorneys Section Ignores Economics

Media Image section: not very encyclopedic

I have finally started my long-planned rewrite project

Common law

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Contents

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